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12 physics Activity: To Study the Variation of Potential Drop

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  Activity: To Study the Variation of Potential Drop Along a Uniform Wire Using a Potentiometer Aim To study the variation of potential drop with length of a uniform wire and hence verify the principle of a potentiometer. Apparatus Required Potentiometer, driver cell (battery), rheostat, galvanometer, jockey, given cell, key, voltmeter (optional), connecting wires. Principle A potentiometer works on the principle that the potential drop across a uniform wire carrying steady current is directly proportional to its length . Mathematically: V ∝ l or V = k l where: V = potential drop l = length of wire k = potential gradient (potential drop per unit length) Theory When a steady current flows through a uniform potentiometer wire, the potential drop along the wire is uniform. Using the null deflection method, the potential difference across a cell can be measured accurately without drawing any current from it. This ensures high accuracy. The principle is verified by showing that the rati...
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12 Physics Activity :Diffraction

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12 Physics Activity :Diffraction Measure the distance between the central spot and first and second bright spot for a given value of a distance between grating and screen. Hence determine d. Diffraction pattern using a laser beam Aim : To determine the grating element (d) of the given grating. Apparatus: Diffraction grating , laser pointer, stands , screen and meter scale. Formula: nλ = d sin θ Where λ = the wavelength of the laser light. d = grating element θ = the angle of diffraction. Observation: 1. Wavelength of the laser light used (red) : λ=6328 Ao = 6.328 x 10-5 cm Observation Table: Note the experiment can be done by single slit method using D>1.5 m Result: The grating element of diffraction grating is d= 15..555 x 10-5 cm. Diffraction – MCQs (XII Physics Activity) 1.The diffraction pattern depends on: A. Amplitude of light only B. Wavelength of light C. Speed of light D. Intensity only ✔ Answer: B 2. In single-slit diffraction, secondary maxima are: A. As bright as ce...
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12 physics Activity: Second’s Pendulum Laws of Simple Pendulum.

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  Activity: Second’s Pendulum         Laws of Simple Pendulum.    ⏱️ Activity: Second's Pendulum and Laws of Simple Pendulum (XII Science) A simple pendulum consists of a point mass (bob) suspended by a light, inextensible string from a rigid support. When displaced from its equilibrium position, it performs simple harmonic motion (SHM). 🎯 Aim To determine the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) using a simple pendulum. To verify the Laws of Simple Pendulum. To determine the length of a Second's Pendulum at the place of experiment. 💡 Theory and Laws of Simple Pendulum The time period ( T ) of a simple pendulum is the time taken to complete one full oscillation. For small angular displacements, the time period is given by the formula: where: T is the time period (in seconds). L is the effective length of the pendulum (length of string + radius of the bob, in meters). g  is the acceleration due to gravity  By squaring both sides, we can deri...
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